Fiscal year^*1	Number of groups	Source	Population^*2 size	Source	Survival rate^*3 (excluding infant)	Source	Crude birth rate^*4	Source	Infant survival rate^*5	Source	Mature female rate^*6	Source	Birth rate^*7	Source	Growth rate^*8	Source	SSR^*9	Source	Other factors	Source
Before warld war	(4-5)	[9]	(200-300)	[9]	No data	-	No data	-	No data	-	No data	-	No data	-	No data	-	No data	-
1962	1	[12]	(60-70)	[12]
1966	2	[13]	(64-70)	[13]
1969	2	[9]	(90-100)	[9]
1980	3	[14]	(71)	[9], [14]
1982	4	[9]	250	[9]					0.700	[9]	0.260	[9]	0.460	[9]	0.323	[9]
1983	5		270		1.036	[9]	0.152	[9]	0.289		0.278		0.510		0.147				Shortage of food resource / extreme weather	[9]
1984	5		230		0.844		0.019		0.400		0.204		0.110		0.043
1985	5		200		0.717		0.222		0.686		0.300		0.850		0.583
1986	5		211		1.010+		0.065+		0.692+		0.290+		0.224+		0.155+
1987	5		222		0.991+		0.081+		0.765+		0.284+		0.283+		0.217+
1988	5		237		1.005		0.095		0.667		0.308		0.290		0.192
1989	5		252		0.916		0.198		0.745		0.321		0.580		0.432
1990	5		263		1.008		0.040		0.900		0.304		0.130		0.113
1991	5		265		0.905		0.118		0.871		No data	-	No data	-	No data	-
1992	6		268		0.977		0.079		0.429		0.317	[9]	0.250	[9]	0.106	[9]
1993	6		272		0.981		0.049		0.692		0.335		0.140		0.099
1994	6		294		0.842		0.279		0.855		0.333		0.780		0.663
1995	6		285		0.949		0.031		0.667		0.298	[18]	0.110	[18]	0.071	[18]	0.79	[19]
1996	6		275		0.860		0.189		0.556		0.313		0.630		0.349		No data	-	Shortage of food resource / extreme weather	[19]
1997	6		248		0.884		0.022		0.833		0.302		0.080		0.067
1998	6		259		0.964		0.177		0.455		0.305		0.560		0.253
1999	6		239		0.903		0.131		0.147		0.335		0.430		0.063		0.94	[16]
2000	6		241		0.975		0.046		0.727		0.324		0.140		0.103		1.06
2001	6		249		0.905		0.212		0.608		No data	-	No data	-	No data	-	1.03
2002	6		235		0.912		0.060		0.533		0.305	[9], [16]	0.197	[9], [16]	0.105	[9], [16]	0.99	[17]
2003	6		217		0.860		0.128		0.500		0.289		0.441		0.221		1.04
2004	6	[15]	221	[15]	0.912	[9], [15]	0.171	[9], [15]	0.622	[9], [15]	0.300		0.580		0.359		1.06

^*1 Fiscal year ending March.
^*2The number of individuals have been counted just before birth season of the year (i.e. after March) since 1982. The estimated population size are in parentheses.
^*3Population size in the fiscal year / population size in the previous fiscal year
^*4Number of birth / population size just before birth season (i.e. population size in the previous fiscal year)
^*5The number of infant surviving over the fiscal year / the number of birth
^*6The number of mature female just before birth season (i.e. the number of mature female in the previous fiscal year) / population size just before birth season (i.e. population size in the previous fiscal year)
^*7 The number of birth / the number of mature female just before birth season (i.e. the number of mature female in the previous fiscal year)
^*8 The number of infant surviving over the fiscal year / the number of mature female just before birth season (i.e. the number of mature female in the previous fiscal year)
^*9 The number of mature male in the previous fiscal year / the number of mature female in the previous fiscal year

Source: Data includes original variables in these source and calculated variables using these source.

[9] Izawa K. (2009) Studies of wild Japanese macaques. Dobutsusha, Tokyo (in Japanese)
[12] Izawa K. (1963) Japanese macaques in Kinkazan. Yaen 14: 5-11 (in Japanese)
[13] Azuma S., Hayashi K. & Kawai M. (1967) Mammal survey in Kinkazan Island, Miyagi Prefecture in 1966. Ann. Rep. JIBP-CT(5): 197-203 (in Japanese)
[14] Yhoshihiro S. (1980) Japanese macaques in Kinkazan Island. Monkey 24 (5): 14-15 (in Japanese)
[15] Izawa K. (2005a) Results of the census on Kinkazan population of Japanese macaques in 2004. Japanese monkeys in Miyagi Prefecture 20: 21-26 (in Japanese)
[16] Izawa K. (2004) Number of non-troop male and spatial relation of Japanese monkeys in Kinkazan Island. Japanese monkeys in Miyagi Prefecture 16: 35-43 (in Japanese)
[17] Izawa K. (2005b) Variation in ratio of non-troop male to troop male with the seasons in Japanese monkeys living in Kinkazan Island. Japanese monkeys in Miyagi Prefecture 20: 12-16 (in Japanese)
[18] Izawa K. (2000) The ecological study of wild Japanese monkeys living in Kinkazan Island, Miyagi Prefecture: on the population change 1995-2000. Bull. Miyagi Univ. Educ. 35: 329-337 (in Japanese)
[19] Izawa K. (1997) Population census of Japanese macaques at Kinkazan in 1996. Japanese monkeys in Miyagi Prefecture 2: 1-12 (in Japanese)